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Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1533–1550, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.175
Graphical Abstract
Figure 1: Structures of the ripostatins.
Figure 2: Retrosynthesis of ripostatin A.
Scheme 1: Nickel-catalyzed reductive coupling of alkynes and epoxides.
Figure 3: Proposed retrosynthesis of ripostatin A featuring enyne–epoxide reductive coupling and rearrangemen...
Scheme 2: Potential transition states and stereochemical outcomes for a concerted 1,5-hydrogen rearrangement.
Scheme 3: Rearrangements of vinylcyclopropanes to acylic 1,4-dienes.
Scheme 4: Synthesis of cyclopropyl enyne.
Scheme 5: Synthesis of model epoxide for investigation of the nickel-catalyzed coupling reaction.
Scheme 6: Nickel-catalyzed enyne–epoxide reductive coupling reaction.
Scheme 7: Proposed mechanism for the nickel-catalyzed coupling reaction of alkynes or enynes with epoxides.
Scheme 8: Regioselectivity changes in reductive couplings of alkynes and 3-oxygenated epoxides.
Scheme 9: Enyne reductive coupling with 1,2-epoxyoctane.
Figure 4: Initial retrosynthesis of the epoxide fragment by using dithiane coupling.
Scheme 10: Synthesis of dithiane by Claisen rearrangement.
Scheme 11: Deuterium labeling reveals that the allylic/benzylic site is most acidic.
Scheme 12: Oxy-Michael addition to δ-hydroxy-α,β-enones.
Figure 5: Revised retrosynthesis of epoxide 5.
Scheme 13: Synthesis of functionalized ketone by oxy-Michael addition.
Figure 6: Retrosynthesis by using iodocylization to introduce the epoxide.
Scheme 14: Synthesis of ketone 57 using thiazolidinethione chiral auxiliary.
Figure 7: Retrosynthesis involving decarboxylation of a β-ketoester.
Scheme 15: Synthesis of β-ketoester 61.
Scheme 16: Decarboxylation of 61 under Krapcho conditions.
Scheme 17: Improved synthesis of 63 and attempted iodocyclization.
Figure 8: Retrosynthesis utilizing Rychnovsky’s cyanohydrin acetonide methodology.
Scheme 18: Synthesis of cyanohydrin acetonide and attempted alkylation with epoxide.
Scheme 19: Allylation of acetonide and conversion to aldehyde.
Scheme 20: Synthesis of the epoxide precursor by an aldol−decarboxylation sequence.